Working principle of steam jet refrigeration system pdf

When you pass a lowtemperature liquid close to objects that you want to cool, heat from those objects is transferred to the liquid, which. In 1910, leblanc introduced a cycle having a vapor jet ejector. The boiling point of the liquids comes down drastically in presence of vacuum. Steam is passed through a vacuum ejector of high efficiency to exhaust a separate, closed vessel which forms part of a cooling water circuit. The actuating fluid, which may be a gas, vapor or liquid, is expanded from its initial pressure to a pressure equal to that of the secondary fluid. Multistage steam jet vacuum systems steam jet chilling plants ice condensation vacuum systems steam jet heaters tank mixing systems liquid ring vacuum pumps waste gas cleaning and environmental technology. Vapor absorption system allows use of variable heat sources. The prototype steam jet refrigerator with a cooling capacity of 3000w is newly designed and constructed. Steam jet ejector cooling powered by waste or solar heat. This course is an overview of vaporcompression refrigeration cycle, principles of heat generation, transfer and rejection. The operating principle of the ejector is the pressure energy in the motive fluid is converted to velocity energy by an adiabatic expansion in the convergingdiverging nozzle. Other working fluids may be simulated, as far as covered by nist database. It uses the basic principle of boiling of liquid at lower temperature by reducing pressure on its. Steam quality is another important performance variable.

Water is the refrigerant used in the steam jet refrigeration system. A fixed quantity of refrigerant, which is any suitable gas, is filled in the closed system of four components, i. Usually, conventional chilling plants are equipped with electrically driven mechanical compressors. In a plant, co2 gas and superheated steam are used as the main and the secondary working fluids, respectively, of a closed dual fluid regenerative gas turbine power plant. Figure below shows a steam jet refrigeration system that produces chilled water in a flash chamber. A thermodynamic refrigeration cycle removes heat from a lowtemperature object refrigeration and rejects it at a higher temperature. Rapidly accelerated moisture droplets erode nozzle internals. Jul 25, 2016 steam jet refrigeration evaporating one more kg of water reduces the remaining water temperature by 5.

Steam jet refrigeration system can operate with lowgrade thermal energy such as the industrial waste heat, solar energy, steam exhaust or. Refrigeration systems operate on a series of consecutive thermodynamic processes that form a cycle that returns the working substance to the same state. They usually save as much as 10% to 20% in motive steam, compared with singlenozzle units designed for the same conditions. Flashing of the water in the tank reduces the temperature of the liquid. Moisture droplets in motive steam lines are accelerated to high velocities and become very erosive. Pdf development of a steam jet refrigeration cycle for the actual. Essay about steam jet refrigeration system 1975 words.

An introduction to steam generation and distribution. Principle working steam jet ejector advantage and disadvantage application recent development in steam jet refrigeration system conclusion refrence introduction in steam jet refrigeration systems, water can be used as the refrigerant. Boiling water sensible steam heat latent heat temperature change measurable tt change the water to steam. This principle is applied in the refrigeration system. We provide technologies for steam refrigeration for following applications. Threedimensional numerical investigations on ejector of. Working principle of steam ejector power plant tutorials. Refrigeration system an overview sciencedirect topics. The remaining velocity energy is then turned back into pressure across the.

Of the multiple components that make up the entire ejector refrigeration system ers, the ejector is the heart of the system and the ers efficiency is tightly coupled with the efficiency of the ejector itself. The basic components of this system are an evaporator, a compressor device, a condenser and a refrigerant control device. Chinnappa 1961 investigated intermittent solar refrigeration system theoretical with absorption cycle for ammoniawater and ammonialithium nitrate combinations and compared the results with experimentally. Thermodynamic analysis of steam ejector refrigeration cycle. The ejector design has basic advantages such as absence of moving parts and simplicity of operation. Vacuum cooling plants operate according to the principal of flash evaporation. The boiling point of a liquid changes with change in external pressure. Heat exchanger irreversibilities have been accounted for. Working principle and basic componentsestimation of motive steam required, principle and operation of.

Steam jet refrigeration works on the principle of boiling water below 100. In normal conditions, pressure exerted on the surface of a liquid is the atmospheric pressure. Basic steam jet vacuum systems require nothing more than an onoff valve to control the steam and water lines. System may be designed to use any available source of thermal energyprocess steam, exhaust from engines or turbines, solar energy etc. Introduction nowadays, the most widely used refrigeration system for airconditioning in the household sector and buildings are a vapour compression system. When a high pressure motive fluid steam liquid enters the steam nozzle, this result in a decreasing pressure and increasing velocity of the fluid again the fluid enters in the diffuser which result in a increasing pressure and decreasing velocity of the fluid so due to pressure difference vacuum is created in between the nozzle and diffuser we can say venture. Introduction vapour jet refrigeration vjr system is preferred among various heat operated refrigeration systems, because it has potential of utilizing low temperature heat source, consumes less than 1% of high grade energy causing lesser atmospheric pollution. High velocity steam emitted from a motive nozzle is then used to work on the suction fluid. Thus by continuing this process, the remaining water can be made to freeze. Jul 11, 2012 principle working steam jet ejector advantage and disadvantage application recent development in steam jet refrigeration system conclusion refrence introduction in steam jet refrigeration systems, water can be used as the refrigerant. Vaporcompression refrigeration, in which the refrigerant undergoes phase changes, is one of the many refrigeration cycles and is the most widely used method for airconditioning of buildings and automobiles. Development of a steam jet refrigeration cycle for the actual. Due to the pressure drop of the motive fluid, it will create a lowpressure zone before the mixing chamber. The chamber is maintained at a vacuum pressure by the steam ejector, which removes the vapor generated by entraining it in the lowpressure jet and discharging into.

The basic operating principle of an ejector is to convert pressure energy of high pressure motive steam into velocity. Steam jet refrigeration system working principle of steam jet refrigeration system in hindi duration. Ejector, a thermal compressor, is one of the crucial components of vjr. A small refrigerator operating on the absorption principle with parabolic concentrator collector built. Also, no investigation has been conducted yet on a seawatercooled steam ejector refrigerationheat pump system for a naval ship application. Being a unique concept of refrigeration, steam jet refrigeration systems find various industrial applications. In the case of 45 f temperature, it will operate at 7. The compressor constricts the refrigerant vapor, raising its pressure and temperature, and pushes it into the coils of the condenser on the outside of the refrigerator. In a typical refrigerant condenser, the refrigerant enters the condenser in a superheated state. The steam jet cooling water can be used as a refrigerant. Airconditioning, jet refrigeration cycle, jet cooling, solarcooling, ejector 1.

Nov 02, 2009 the steam jet refrigeration system also known as ejector system refrigeration system is one of the oldest methods of producing refrigeration effect. Vapor compression refrigeration system basic, working, parts of system, advantages, and disadvantages introduction. Steam jet refrigeration uses a steam ejector system to pull vacuum on a flash evaporation tank. In this case, the spindle is essentially changing the dimensions of the. A refrigeration system is a combination of components and equipment connected in a sequential order to produce the refrigeration effect.

Nov 15, 2015 refrigerator working principle the working principle of a refrigerator and refrigeration, in general is very simple. With no moving part and no fear of leakage of hazardous refrigerants, steam jet refrigeration systems have become a very common mean for achieving refrigeration in various chemical industries. Introduction principle working steam jet ejector advantage and. Steam jet refrigeration works on the principle of liquids flashing under vacuum in a chamber. A small scale steam jet ejector experimental setup was designed and manufactured.

Ejector refrigeration is a thermally driven technology which utilizes low grade thermal energy for its operation. The steam jet refrigeration system also known as ejector system refrigeration system is one of the oldest methods. If the pressure on the surface of the water is reduced below atmospheric pressure, water can be made boil at low temperatures. A complete ejector refrigeration system has been simulated by a 1d model using r245fa as working fluid. Since steam was widely available at that time, the socalled steam jet refrigeration systems became popular in airconditioning of large buildings and. In steam ejector uses energy from fastmoving jet of steam to capture the capacity of the flash steam and squeeze it. One possible reason why steam ejector refrigeration systems have never been applied in ships before is the lower cop0. The working of present system is a combined principle of steam jet refrigeration system present and earthen pot cooling technique ancient.

Steam jet refrigeration and vapour absorption system. In a spindleoperated ejector, the nozzle and tapered spindle work together similar to a needle valve. Design and thermodynamic analysis of a steam ejector. Vacuum pump is connected to the flash chamber, there by the total air can be removed in the flash chamber and vacuum is created. Vapor compression refrigeration system basic, working. Mechanical engineering channel anuniverse 22 has started to stand on the shoulders of engineering giants and now, it is a place to hang out to learn the basics of mechanical engineering. Steam jet refrigeration system seminar heat exchanger. What makes them work all ejectors operate on a common principle. The single stage ejector, in its simplest form, consists of an actuating nozzle, suction chamber and a diffuser.

Typical uses include industrial sites, where a suitable steam supply already exists for other purposes or, historically, for air conditioning on passenger trains which use steam for heating. The steam jet refrigeration system also known as ejector system refrigeration system is one of the oldest methods of producing refrigeration effect. The ejector refrigeration system used exhaust emission of automobile as thermal energy for providing. The most common refrigeration system in use today involves the input of work from a compressor and uses the vapor compression cycle. Steam jet refrigeration system and ice refrigeration. A small refrigerator operating on the absorption principle with. Steam jet refrigeration systems applications shailvac. This system essentially requires electrical energy to produce the useful refrigeration. Water 0boils at 6 c, when the pressure on the surface is 5 cm of hg and at 100c, when the pressure is 6. Lab manual working principle of steam jet refrigeration system. Additional valves and instrumentation can be added for increased vacuum control, ease of troubleshooting and system optimization. Real gas behaviour has been simulated by nist functions. Supersonic jet pump is a shockfree ejector, which works on the principle of.

To study working principle of steam jet refrigeration system. On this channel you can get education and knowledge for general issues and topics. An introduction thermoelectric cooling uses the peltier effect to create a heat flux between the junctions of two different types of materials. Hence, the present work focuses on enhancing the performance of the ejector using threedimensional cfd analysis with refrigerant r4a by introducing swirl in the primary stream of ejector, using swirl generators. Performance of vapour jet refrigeration system is based on satisfactory operation of ejector.

Steam jet cooling experienced a wave of popularity during the early 1930s for air conditioning large buildings. Steam jet refrigeration system and ice refrigeration free download as powerpoint presentation. Construction and working of steam jet refrigeration system. Ejector working principle mechanical engineering site. The ejector was first developed in 1901 1 for removing air from a steam engine. These systems were applied successfully to refrigeration in the early years of. Tubing or lines make the system complete so that the refrigerant will not leak out into the atmosphere. May 21, 2007 the pressuretemperature relationship is an important principle for refrigeration. Refrigerator working principle the working principle of a refrigerator and refrigeration, in general is very simple.

Performance analysis of ejector refrigeration system with environment. The condenser is an important component of any refrigeration system. Construction and working of steam jet refrigeration system principle of steam jet refrigeration system. Also in steam powerplant vapour condense into liquid in condenser after its expansion in the turbine. The suction line connects the evaporator or cooling coil to. Typically it will require a 3 stage ejector system with intercondensors between the stages to lower steam usage. Vapour jet refrigeration systems vjrs semantic scholar. I thermoelectric refrigerator ii vortex tube orhilsch tube. Steam jet cooling system steam jet cooling system is a cooling technique which involves usage of steam and water for cooling purposes. Steam jet refrigeration system seminar free download as word doc. H e applied the principle of the ejector to a heat pump system. Mar 30, 2018 steam jet refrigeration system working principle of steam jet refrigeration system in hindi duration. Steam jet refrigeration this system uses the principle of boiling the water below c.

Steam jet air ejectors have a low initial cost, so are an economical means and reliable equipment for producing a vacuum. These systems were applied successfully to refrigeration. The refrigeration system requires some means of connecting the basic major components evaporator, compressor, condenser, and metering device just as roads connect communities. If this atmospheric pressure is reduced on the surface of a liquid, by some means, then the liquid will start boiling at lower temperature, because of reduced. This is to certify that the work presented in this thesis is carried out by the author in the department. This work occurs in the suction chamber and diffuser inlet. Steam is passed through a vacuum ejector to create the designed vacuum in the closed and separated vessel. Moisture in motive steam is noticeable when inspecting ejector nozzles. Korting steam jet chilling plants can be ideally utilised whenever large chilling capacities have to be easily realised. This effect is commonly used in camping and portable coolers and for cooling electronic components and small instruments. Continue water boils at 5c when pressure on the surface is 50 mm of hg while it boils at 10c if pressure is 65 mm of hg. Due to the lowpressure zone, the suction fluid will start to.

The steam jet refrigeration system also known as ejector system refrigeration system is one of. Refrigeration is the process of moving heat from one location to another by the use of refrigerant in a closed cycle. The main components of the ejector used for jet refrigeration cycle. Performance analysis of ejector refrigeration system with. Steam jet cooling uses a highpressure jet of steam to cool water or other fluid media. Design and fabrication of water refrigeration system by. Steam jet or ejector refrigeration system uses water as refrigerant. Jan 24, 2017 steam jet cooling system steam jet cooling system is a cooling technique which involves usage of steam and water for cooling purposes. The science behind refrigeration berg chilling systems inc. His setup allowed producing a refrigeration effect by utilizing lowgrade energy. Mar 06, 2017 mechanical engineering channel anuniverse 22 has started to stand on the shoulders of engineering giants and now, it is a place to hang out to learn the basics of mechanical engineering.

This paper experimentally investigates the performance analysis of ejector refrigeration system with r404a as refrigerant. In steam jet refrigeration systems, water can be used as the refrigerant. Simultaneously, various learned societies such as the american society of mechanical engineers asme were investigating the fundamental scientificand engineering principles that underlie the use and application of steam. Reference of steam jet refrigeration system diagram and p h and t s diagrams. When a lowtemperature heat source is available, the ejector refrigeration system is a good substitute to the vapor compression refrigeration system because the. As pressure decreases, the changeofstate temperature also decreases.